Literacy+and+ESL

** Promoting SLA Literacy in the Classr **** oom **

When developing SLA literacy, the factors are influenced by the individual, contextual, and instructional factors. Individual differences contribute to English literacy development. According to August & Shanahan (2006)These differences include:  When assessing students for literacy and oral development skills, teachers must be able to determine if a student has a l //earning difference //  or a //language difficulty.
 * age,
 * native language proficiency,
 * English oral proficiency
 * previous learning experiences, and
 * the differences and similarities between their first language and the second language

To correctly assess, the teacher should observe and monitor the students before declaring them with a learning differences. The teacher should provide a significant amount of intervention to help learn the language to see if the student just needed the extra help. Secondly, the student should be assessed in their native language to assess the child's listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. Then, determine whether or not the difficulty is exhibited in both languages or just in one. (Litt, 2008). //

**[|Learning Disability or Language Development Issue?]**  The website provides additional informations on language disability or language development issues and how to assess which the student has.

**

Literacy Development: The following are key components of literacy that the National Literacy Panel will promote fluency and proficiency in literacy development. **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;">Phonemic awareness
 * <span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;">Phonics
 * <span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;">Oral language development
 * <span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;">Vocabulary
 * <span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;">Comprehension

<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;"> [|**Fostering Literacy Development in English Language Learners**] The website provides information, as well as, implications for instructions on how to foster literacy development in English language learners.
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 143%;">Informational Web Sites for Teachers: **
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;">Literacy Development Web Sites //

[|**English Language Development: Acquiring the Language Needed for Literacy and Learning**] The website includes additional information that helps understand the skills needed for literacy, language required for literacy development, and the academic register of English.


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;">Oral Development in the SLA Process //

//<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;">[|**Oral Language: Considerations for ELLs**] // //<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">The website provides considerations, strategies, and information on the oral development in English language learners.

<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">[|**English Language Learners: Literacy and Language Development**] The website provides information about the oral development skills that English language learners need to acquire to become proficient in literacy.

<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;"> Instructionally, teachers should provide multiple opportunities for the students to be involved in interacting with the language so they can become proficient in the second language. Also, developing literacy includes learning the skills that help with oral language development and being proficient with the oral language. Oral development and literacy skills aid in the development of the second language proficiency.
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 130%;"> Teaching Tools: ** [[image:images.jpeg width="108" height="120" align="right"]]

<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 130%; font-style: normal;">[|Colorín Colorado: Reader's Theatre] //<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 120%;">The website provides tools on oral language development for English language learners through Reader's Theatre. The website explains how to get ELLs started with Reader's Theatre, the benefits, variations for ELLs, and useful websites.

<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 130%;">** Informational Article: ** //<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 120%;">The Development of Reading in Children Who Speak English as a Second Language //<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 120%;"> by Nonie K. Lesaux and Linda S. Siegel <span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 120%; font-weight: normal;">[|http://www.sjcoertac.org/docs/TheDevofRdnginChildrenwhoSpkEngasa2ndLang-316200632254PM.pdf]

<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 130%;">Suggested Reading:



<span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal;">**Title:** Mi Abuelita
 * Author:** Tony Johnston & Yuyi Morales
 * Age:** 4-8; Grade: Preschool-1
 * Proficiency Level:** Beginner


 * Summary:** <span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: small;">A boy describes the morning routine he shares with his grandmother as she prepares for work. Flights of fancy enliven the tasks of bathing, eating breakfast, and dressing. When the pair arrive at her workplace, readers discover that Abuelita is a storyteller—a calling that her grandson shares. Spanish words are sprinkled throughout, often followed by brief definitions. For example, the boy says, "I live with my grandma…I call her Abuelita." Johnston effectively engages young readers' interest by mentioning the woman's work, but not revealing what she does until the final page. Morales's bold, innovative illustrations brilliantly reinforce the text. On one spread, Johnston writes that Abuelita is "robust…like a <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-family: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: normal;">//<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: small;">calabaza // <span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: small;">. A pumpkin." On the left, children see a cheerful, round person, while a mirror on the right shows a pumpkin with Abuelita's smiling face. The illustrations represent a fresh new direction for Morales. Characters molded from polymer clay are dressed in brightly patterned fabrics and placed among images that evoke Mexican art. Abuelita's mirror is framed by traditional metalwork, and her storytelling props include a winged serpent and a Day of the Dead skeleton. While the story is firmly placed in a Mexican context, children of all ethnic and racial backgrounds will be drawn to the eye-catching illustrations and the universal story of a loving intergenerational relationship. (Taken from **//[|www.amazon.com]//**

<span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: normal;">August, D. & Shanahan, T. (2006). <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'American Typewriter',sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;">//<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;">Developing literacy in second-language learners: Report of the National Literacy Panel on language-minority children and youth. // <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: normal;">Retrieved from <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'American Typewriter',sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;">__<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;">[] __ <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: normal;">.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 130%;">References: **

Litt, S. (2008). <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'American Typewriter',sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;">//<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;">Learning disability or language development issue. // <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: normal;">Retrieved from <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'American Typewriter',sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;">__<span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 110%;">[] __ <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: normal;">.

=// Enjoy the Wiki!! //<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; text-align: left;">Kimberly Gannon = =<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; text-align: left;">MTSU Graduate Assistant kdc3x@mtsu.edu =